Ok, So I Don’t Know How I Ended Up Here And Woah!

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Source:science dump

The Hubble Space telescope just sent back a new photo of the Twin Jet Nebula. Here’s what it looked like in 1997:

And now …

Whoa. But wait, we also got an updated image of the merging galaxies NGC 6240. What it looked like in 2008:

And today:

Science, you’re the best. Oh, and the explanation behind those merging galaxies and their black holes is wild.

Scalp is the soft tissue layer covering the bony vault over the brain. It is usually described as having five layers: S: The skin on the head from which head hair grows. It contains numerous sabaeceous glands and hair follicles C: Connective tissue. A thin layer of fat and fibrous tissue lies beneath the skin. A: The aponeurosis called epicranial aponeurosis (or galea aponeurotica) is the next layer. It is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which runs from the frontalis muscle anteriorly to the occipitalis posteriorly. L: The loose areolar connective tissue layer provides an easy plane of separation between the upper three layers and the pericranium. P: The pericranium is the periosteum of the skull bones and provides nutrition to the bone and the capacity for repair.

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BEES ARE THE ULTIMATE QUEENS OF THE COMBACK 🐝🐝🐝🐝

I'm pretty new here, and I don't actually know much about dinosaurs (just followed this blog because it seemed really cool and interesting) so could you explain what shrink-wrapped means?

Of course! See, modern animals have a lot of muscles, fat, fluff, etc, and end up looking very little like their actual skeleton. For example, look at how much fluff owls have:

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However, lots of palaeoartists completely ignore this! They basically stretch skin over the bones and call it a day. One especially bad example that was featured on @palaeofail is this poor pterosaur:

It barely has room for its digestive system. It’s definitely missing the air sac system that allows it to breathe. It’s got virtually no muscles on the arms - how does it fly?? - on the head (no wonder its mouth is open. It has no jaw muscles to close it!), on the torso (it needs to flap), or on the legs (walking) It doesn’t have any fat at all, so it’s definitely starving (maybe because it can’t fly or close its moth?). The skin is much too thin; you can see all of the bones and its wing membranes should be much, much thicker. And it’s missing the hair-like pycnofibres that should be covering its body!

Many palaeoartists have started to strike back at this by drawing modern animals like we might draw them if we found their bones:

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[House cat]

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Now You Know (Source)