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The World's First Dictionary: A Mesopotamian Legacy

The earliest known dictionary in history comes from Mesopotamia.

The artifact before you is the oldest bilingual dictionary, consisting of 24 cuneiform tablets.

It features word lists in Sumerian alongside their Akkadian equivalents, providing a linguistic bridge between these two ancient languages.

These tablets are part of the renowned Ebla archive, a treasure trove of Mesopotamian knowledge.

By 2500 B.C., Sumerian scribes had developed a writing system with around 800 cuneiform signs, allowing them to document myths, fables, essays, hymns, proverbs, epic poetry, laws, medical texts, and even astronomical observations.

Today, this remarkable dictionary is housed in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

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